Gorse (Ulex europaeus)

(Fabaceae)

Considered very invasive and is on the Hawaii State Noxious Weed List. The Division of Forestry and Wildlife of the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources has designated this species as one of Hawaii's Most Invasive Horticultural Plants.

Description:

• Thorny shrub, up to 2 meters (6 ft) tall, with inch-long spines
• Bright yellow flowers that smell faintly of coconut
• Native to Western Europe, introduced as food plant for sheep and as a "living fence"

Harm:

• Forms dense, impenetrable thickets that allow nothing else to grow
• Seeds can remain viable in the soil for more than 30 years
• Deep roots help this plant survive fires, and fire helps the seeds sprout

In Hawaii:

• Kauai: Present. Not currently a KISC target for control.
• Oahu: Present. Not currently an OISC target for control.
• Maui: Infestations in higher altitude pastures and natural areas, including Haleakala. Landowners are asked to control gorse wherever possible.
• Molokai: Small population present at Kamiloloa. MoMISC is working to eradicate this from Molokai.
• Lanai: Presence/absence unknown.
• Big Island: Infests higher altitude pastures and natural areas, including Hakalau and Puu Oo. BIISC does not target this plant, but will control in some locations. Landowners are asked to control gorse on their property wherever possible.

For more information, see:

• Ulex europaeus information from HEAR
• Ulex europaeus information from PIER
• Ulex europaeus information from ISSG